Herbs are typically classified by reputable botanical authorities (i.e.
German E Commission, Herb Research Foundation, American Botanical Council, Physicians Desk Reference) as having certain known properties, classified as:

* alteratives - herbs that generally alter an existing condition in the
body by strengthening or stimulating various systems, and eliminating waste from the bloodstream
* anti-inflammatories - herbs that help reduce inflammation
* antimicrobials - herbs that inhibit reproduction and growth of harmful bacteria, fungi, or protozoa
* astringents - herbs that reduce inflammation of the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes
* cardiovascular tonics - herbs that strengthen the physical integrity of the heart and blood vessels, moderate blood pressure, and increase circulation
* carminatives - herbs that help relieve intestinal gas and indigestion, and are often antispasmodic
* demulcents - herbs that provide a protective lubricating barrier in the digestive and urinary tracts for the passage of wastes, and to help relieve irritation of mucous membranes
* diuretics - herbs that stimulate diuresis and water retention problems, and help eliminate excess waste and superfluous materials from the body
* immunotonics - herbs that stimulate and support immune system functions
* lymphatics - herbs that assist with lymph production and circulation
* nervines & sedatives - herbs that suppress or moderate nervous tension and anxiety, or that moderate or suppress activity in higher brain centers
* nutritives - herbs that naturally provide rich nutritional values
* vulneraries - herbs that promote healing